Proteomics and metabolomics are at the forefront of biomedical research, offering transformative insights into human health and disease by providing a comprehensive understanding of the complex interplay between proteins, metabolites, and biological processes. Proteomics, which focuses on the large-scale study of proteins, has enabled the discovery of novel biomarkers for early disease detection, particularly in cancer research, where cutting-edge techniques like 4D proteomics (specifically 4D-DIA) allow for sensitive and comprehensive protein profiling, leading to the identification of specific protein signatures associated with various cancers and enhancing diagnosis and treatment strategies. Metabolomics, which analyzes small molecules produced during metabolism, complements proteomics by offering valuable information about physiological states and disease processes, informing personalized medicine approaches and guiding dietary interventions for conditions such as obesity and diabetes. The integration of these omics technologies creates a holistic view of biological systems, facilitating the identification of personal aging markers, dynamic molecular phenotypes, and medical phenotypes that enhance disease prediction and progression models. However, challenges such as data integration, standardization across laboratories, and clinical translation remain, requiring collaborative efforts between researchers, clinicians, and industry partners to validate biomarkers and develop diagnostic tests. Despite these hurdles, the ongoing advancements in proteomics and metabolomics hold immense promise for revolutionizing patient care through improved diagnostics, targeted therapies, and personalized treatment plans that ultimately enhance patient outcomes across diverse health domains, including cancer, maternal and child health, neurodegenerative diseases, and beyond.